云南小粒咖啡介绍 Introduction to Yunnan Small Grain Coffee
云南小粒咖啡是指在中国云南省种植的小粒种咖啡，属于阿拉比卡咖啡的一种 。以下是关于它的详细介绍：
历史起源 ：1904年，法国天主教神父田德能将一株来自越南的铁皮卡咖啡苗栽种在大理州宾川县平川镇朱苦拉村的一座天主教堂后墙，这是云南咖啡的开端。
种植产区 ：云南咖啡种植已扩展到10个产区，包括普洱市、保山市、德宏州、临沧市、怒江州、西双版纳州、文山州、大理州、楚雄州、红河州，其中前六个为主要产区。
品种类型 ：主要品种有铁皮卡、波旁和卡蒂姆等。铁皮卡是公认的优质品种，香气馥郁；波旁产量相对较高，风味与铁皮卡不相上下；卡蒂姆是卡杜拉和帝汶种的杂交种，有25%的罗布斯塔血统，经过改良后风味也有很大改善。
口感风味：云南小粒咖啡总体口感中性，香而不苦，浓而不烈，微酸舒适，带有淡淡的茉莉花香和爽口的果酸味，回甘持久。高海拔种植且烘焙度偏浅的豆子酸度偏高、苦味弱，深度烘焙的则苦味偏高一些。
品质优势 ：云南小粒咖啡种植在北纬26度全球咖啡黄金种植带，其最大优势在于新鲜度高，相比进口咖啡豆，能做到几天内烘焙，更好地保留咖啡的风味。
产业发展 ：到2024年，云南省咖啡种植面积126.7万亩、产量14.6万吨，咖啡出口量猛增358%，远销欧美亚29国，已成为中国咖啡产业的重要代表。
Yunnan small grain coffee refers to a type of Arabica coffee grown in Yunnan Province, China. Here is a detailed introduction about it:
Historical origin: In 1904, French Catholic priest Tian Denong planted a seedling of Tie Pika coffee from Vietnam on the back wall of a Catholic church in Zhukula Village, Pingchuan Town, Binchuan County, Dali Prefecture. This marked the beginning of Yunnan coffee.
Planting areas: Yunnan coffee planting has expanded to 10 production areas, including Pu'er City, Baoshan City, Dehong Prefecture, Lincang City, Nujiang Prefecture, Xishuangbanna Prefecture, Wenshan Prefecture, Dali Prefecture, Chuxiong Prefecture, and Honghe Prefecture, with the first six being the main production areas.
Variety types: The main varieties include Tiepika, Bourbon, and Katim. Tie Pi Ka is a recognized high-quality variety with a rich aroma; Bourbon production is relatively high, and its flavor is comparable to that of tin card; Katim is a hybrid of Kadura and Timor species, with 25% Robusta ancestry and greatly improved flavor after modification.
Taste and flavor: Yunnan small grain coffee has a neutral overall taste, fragrant but not bitter, strong but not intense, slightly sour and comfortable, with a light jasmine fragrance and refreshing fruit acid flavor, and a long-lasting aftertaste. Beans grown at high altitudes and lightly baked have higher acidity and weaker bitterness, while those deeply baked have a slightly higher bitterness.
Quality advantage: Yunnan small grain coffee is planted in the global coffee golden planting zone at 26 degrees north latitude. Its biggest advantage is its high freshness. Compared to imported coffee beans, it can be roasted within a few days, better preserving the flavor of the coffee.
Industrial development: By 2024, the coffee planting area in Yunnan Province will be 1.267 million mu, with a yield of 146000 tons. The export volume of coffee will increase by 358%, and it will be exported to 29 countries in Europe, America, and Asia, becoming an important representative of China's coffee industry.