偏头痛发作，喝杯咖啡就好？真相是什么？听听医生的权威说法Is a cup of coffee enough for a migraine attack? What is the truth? Listen to the authoritative statement of the doctor

青岛日报社/观海新闻8月8日讯 周一至周五，上班族齐小白咖啡一杯接一杯，干活儿像开了挂，好不容易熬到周末，以为终于可以躺平了？结果头开始一鼓一鼓地疼，玩了十分钟，就感觉昏昏沉沉、浑身疲劳。这时候，齐小白上网搜到：“喝咖啡、可乐能治偏头痛？”

这种说法科学吗？近日，山东大学齐鲁医院（青岛）专家为市民答疑解惑。

偏头痛是第二常见的头痛类型，困扰着数以亿计的人。很多人以为偏头痛就是脑袋一边疼，格局小了——它可能还会派遣一群“小弟”先来：恶心、呕吐、怕光、怕吵、眼前闪光、视物模糊。

偏头痛的发病机制至今没有完全搞清楚。目前认为，三叉神经血管系统以及下丘脑、脑干、大脑皮层等高级中枢，都参与了偏头痛的发作。简单说，就是脑子里的神经和血管“闹脾气”了，顺带把你卷进去了。

很多偏头痛患者都有这样的体会：睡不好、压力大、情绪激动，甚至女性来“例假”，都可能诱发偏头痛。红酒、奶酪、腌制食品、巧克力等，都可能成为“导火索”。

正因如此，偏头痛虽然常见，却成因复杂、触发简单，像个捉摸不透的“老朋友”，说来就来。

咖啡可乐治偏头痛？真相是，它是一把双刃剑。医生认为，这些饮料能管点用，但也可能让患者更痛。

咖啡和可乐对偏头痛的影响，关键在于里面的咖啡因。咖啡因是大家很熟悉的中枢神经兴奋剂，很多复方止痛药里都会加点它当“助手”。这说明，它确实有一定的止痛作用。

医生研究发现，咖啡因缓解偏头痛的可能原因包括：收缩血管，偏头痛时，脑血管往往处于扩张状态，咖啡因能让血管收缩，搏动性疼痛就减轻了。

阻断腺苷，腺苷是一种会让血管扩张的“致痛分子”，咖啡因能挡住它的作用。

加快药效，咖啡因能提高胃动力，让止痛药更快被吸收。

其还可能通过降低脑血流速度、调节肠道菌群、影响脑肠轴等方式，缓解偏头痛。

听起来好像不错？别急，另一面来了——咖啡因既能缓解偏头痛也能诱发偏头痛，关键在于剂量和习惯。

有一种叫“前庭性偏头痛”的特殊类型，医生发现，减少或停止咖啡因摄入，症状反而缓解了。

还有一种更常见的——咖啡因戒断头痛。比如，工作日天天灌两三杯咖啡，周末突然不喝了，身体就像断了粮，头痛、昏沉、乏力全来了。这就是典型的咖啡因戒断反应长期过量摄入咖啡因或者突然停掉，都可能诱发偏头痛。所以，不结合具体情况“撇开剂量谈影响”都是不靠谱的。

偏头痛患者咖啡到底怎么喝？专家强调，核心原则是每天咖啡因摄入最好不超过200毫克（大约两瓶咖啡饮料的量），保持稳定，避免大起大落。

具体来说，可以分为三种情况：从来不喝咖啡、喝茶的人，别为了“治头痛”特意去喝。偏头痛发作时，老老实实吃止痛药、好好休息更靠谱。

经常喝咖啡的人，那就尽量保持每天差不多的量。周末也别突然“断档”，可以少喝点但别一下子全停。

打算戒咖啡的人，最好在几周时间里慢慢减量，比如每周减1/3，给身体一个适应的过程，避免戒断反应诱发偏头痛。

请注意咖啡因可不只藏在咖啡和可乐里，以下这些食物/饮料也含有咖啡因，购买时不妨看看包装上的标注。

茶：绿茶、红茶、乌龙茶都有，浓茶含量还不低。

巧克力：尤其是黑巧克力也都有。

功能饮料：如红牛、魔爪之类的，咖啡因含量通常很高。

某些止痛药：比如一些复方感冒药、止痛药里也添加了咖啡因。

所以，如果平时爱喝茶、爱吃巧克力，别忘了把这些也算在每天的咖啡因总量里。

最后，医生提醒各位打工人：咖啡不是治偏头痛的“解药”，规律的生活才是。找到适合自己的节奏，规律作息、减少诱因才是对付偏头痛的长久之计。

如果偏头痛发作频繁、疼得厉害，或者自己搞不清楚原因，建议及时去看神经内科医生，在专业指导下进行预防和治疗。（青岛日报/观海新闻记者 黄飞）

责任编辑：吕靖雯

Qingdao Daily/Guanhai News, August 8th - From Monday to Friday, office worker Qi Xiaobai drank one cup of coffee after another, working like hanging up. After finally staying up until the weekend, he thought he could finally lay flat? As a result, my head started to ache one by one, and after playing for ten minutes, I felt groggy and tired all over. At this moment, Qi Xiaobai searched online and found: "Can drinking coffee or cola cure migraines

Is this statement scientific? Recently, experts from Shandong University Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) provided answers and clarifications to citizens.

Migraine is the second most common type of headache, affecting billions of people. Many people think that migraine is just a pain in one side of the head, and the pattern becomes smaller - it may even send a group of "little brothers" to come first: nausea, vomiting, fear of light, fear of noise, flashes in front of the eyes, and blurred vision.

The pathogenesis of migraine is still not fully understood. At present, it is believed that the trigeminal nervous system, as well as higher centers such as the hypothalamus, brainstem, and cerebral cortex, are involved in the onset of migraine. Simply put, it's just that the nerves and blood vessels in your brain are getting angry and getting you involved.

Many migraine sufferers have the experience that poor sleep, high stress, emotional excitement, and even female menstruation can trigger migraines. Red wine, cheese, pickled foods, chocolate, etc. can all become "triggers".

That's why migraines, although common, have complex causes and simple triggers, like an elusive 'old friend' that comes easily.

Does coffee and cola treat migraines? The truth is, it is a double-edged sword. Doctors believe that these drinks can be used for a while, but they may also cause more pain for patients.

The key to the impact of coffee and cola on migraines lies in the caffeine inside. Caffeine is a well-known central nervous system stimulant, and many compound painkillers add it as an "assistant". This indicates that it does have a certain analgesic effect.

Doctors have found that caffeine may alleviate migraines by contracting blood vessels. During migraines, the brain's blood vessels are often in a dilated state, and caffeine can cause blood vessels to contract, reducing pulsatile pain.

Blocking adenosine, a "pain inducing molecule" that dilates blood vessels, can be blocked by caffeine.

Accelerate drug efficacy, caffeine can improve gastric motility, allowing painkillers to be absorbed faster.

It may also alleviate migraine by reducing cerebral blood flow velocity, regulating gut microbiota, and affecting the brain gut axis.

Does it sound good? Don't worry, the other side is here - caffeine can both alleviate and induce migraines, the key lies in dosage and habits.

There is a special type called "vestibular migraine", in which doctors have found that reducing or stopping caffeine intake actually alleviates symptoms.

There is another more common type - caffeine withdrawal headache. For example, if you drink two or three cups of coffee every day on weekdays and suddenly stop drinking on weekends, your body feels like it's running out of food, with headaches, drowsiness, and fatigue. This is a typical caffeine withdrawal reaction. Long term excessive intake of caffeine or sudden cessation can trigger migraines. So, it is unreliable to talk about the impact without considering the specific situation and setting aside the dosage.

How do migraine sufferers drink coffee? Experts emphasize that the core principle is to consume no more than 200 milligrams of caffeine per day (approximately the amount of two bottles of coffee drinks), maintain stability, and avoid large fluctuations.

Specifically, it can be divided into three situations: people who never drink coffee or tea should not drink it specifically for the purpose of "treating headaches". When migraine attacks occur, it is more reliable to take painkillers honestly and rest well.

People who often drink coffee should try to maintain a similar amount every day. Don't suddenly shut down on weekends, you can drink less but don't stop all at once.

People who plan to quit coffee should gradually reduce their intake over a few weeks, such as by one-third per week, to give their body a period of adaptation and avoid withdrawal reactions that can trigger migraines.

Please note that caffeine is not only hidden in coffee and cola, the following foods/drinks also contain caffeine. You may want to check the label on the packaging when purchasing.

Tea: Green tea, black tea, oolong tea are all available, and the content of strong tea is not low.

Chocolate: Especially dark chocolate is also available.

Functional drinks such as Red Bull and Claw typically have high caffeine content.

Some painkillers, such as compound cold medicines and painkillers, also contain caffeine.

So, if you enjoy drinking tea and chocolate, don't forget to include these in your daily caffeine intake.

Finally, doctors remind all workers that coffee is not the "cure" for migraines, regular living is the key. Finding a rhythm that suits oneself, following a regular schedule, and reducing triggers are the long-term solutions to dealing with migraines.

If migraine attacks frequently and the pain is severe, or if you cannot figure out the cause, it is recommended to see a neurologist in a timely manner for prevention and treatment under professional guidance. (Qingdao Daily/Guanhai News reporter Huang Fei)

Responsible Editor: Lv Jingwen