新闻透视镜｜龙陵：精耕高海拔咖啡 走特色振兴路News Perspective Mirror - Longling: Cultivating High Altitude Coffee with Distinctive Revitalization Path
（来源：龙陵新闻）特色产业是乡村振兴的硬核支撑、富民增收的核心载体。为彻底破解咖啡产业发展堵点难点，近年来，龙陵县锚定“品种提质、加工提效、品牌提级、业态提优”发展思路，靶向施策、系统发力，全面推进品种迭代、标准种植、精深加工、品牌培育、咖旅融合全链条升级。通过全方位提质、全链条赋能、全业态拓展，龙陵咖啡产业彻底实现从“低端粗放、原料外销”向“精品集聚、品牌出海”的历史性蝶变，昔日短板产业成功逆袭为县域乡村振兴的特色支柱、富民强村的优势产业。
五年深耕细作，龙陵咖啡产业实现量质齐升、全域突破。2025年，全县咖啡种植面积达3.2万亩、鲜果产量1.4万吨，实现农业产值1.4亿元，带动3770户咖农稳定增收，较五年前分别增长69%、194%、35%。全县累计培育咖啡企业46家（龙头企业3家）、专业合作社3个，建成5条标准化精深加工生产线、3个精品咖啡庄园、6个标准化加工厂，成功研发七大类终端产品、培育八大本土咖啡品牌，创新打造崖边咖啡、抒禾咖啡等网红业态，形成“种植标准化、加工精细化、品牌本土化、业态多元化”的全链条发展新格局，高海拔精品咖啡产业名片愈发响亮。
迭代种质优品种 筑牢产业种植“基本盘”
龙陵精品小粒咖啡主产区沿怒江西岸分布，覆盖镇安、腊勐、碧寨、勐糯、平达、木城六个乡镇。凭借1200至1900米高海拔、大温差、无污染的独特立体气候，孕育的小粒咖啡风味纯正、品质优良，是全县重点打造的特色富民产业。产业升级前，全县咖啡老旧品种占比高、更新迭代滞后，多数咖农沿用传统粗放管护模式，水肥管理、病虫害防控不够规范，咖啡豆品质参差不齐、精品产出率偏低，优质生态资源优势难以有效释放。
“传统咖啡抗病性差、产量不稳、风味普通，加之部分咖农种植管护标准不一，咖啡豆品质优劣不均，极易出现丰产不丰收的问题，严重制约咖啡产业规模化、精品化发展。”龙陵县农业农村局副局长杨艳波介绍。种质老旧、标准缺失，成为制约龙陵咖啡提质增效、咖农稳定增收的重要短板。
为破解种植瓶颈，龙陵县全面推进咖啡品种迭代升级，优化品种结构，大力开展优质良种轮换、老旧品种改造和高端品种新植推广，择优引进适配本地气候、风味品质优异的铁皮卡、瑰夏、蓝山、卡杜拉等精品品种。同时，全域推行科学化、标准化田间管护体系，普及绿色防控、水肥一体化等先进种植技术，统一田间管护规范和品质管控标准。依托“公司+基地+农户”利益联结模式，落实鲜果保底价收购政策，从源头严控咖啡品质，牢牢守住咖农增收底线。
作为全县咖啡种植核心乡镇，镇安镇立足1.5万余亩种植基底，构建“传统稳产品种+高端精品品种”互补的多元种植体系，累计完成新植咖啡2065亩、老旧品种良种轮换1200余亩，新增高端精品咖啡品种1000余亩，带动2000余户4000余名群众参与咖啡种植。2025年，镇安镇咖啡产业产值达9715万元，实现农户户均年增收近1.5万元。“我在技术人员指导下试种瑰夏、萨奇姆等精品品种，不仅产量翻倍、价格也翻倍，收入也越来越好了。”镇安镇户帕村志的切身变化，正是品种迭代、标准种植带来的民生红利。
截至目前，龙陵县累计完成新植咖啡8000亩、良种轮换2500亩，新试种铁皮卡、蓝山、德热399、卡杜拉等高端品种2500亩，培育“瑰夏”咖啡品种幼苗20余万株。精品咖啡豆占比持续上升，鲜果品质、产量稳定性大幅提升，彻底扭转了品种老旧、品质参差的发展困境，夯实了咖啡产业精品化发展根基，咖农增收保障更加坚实有力。
延链补链精加工 打通价值增值“快车道”
长期以来，加工链条短、产品品类单一、附加值偏低，是龙陵咖啡产业高质量发展的突出短板。过去，全县咖啡产业仅停留在种植和初级加工层面，没有成熟的精深加工体系，绝大多数咖啡豆以初级原料低价外销，产业利润大量外流，优质资源难以充分转化为经济效能。
为打破“只种不精、只产不销”的发展瓶颈，龙陵县聚焦产业链短板精准发力，在镇安、腊勐、木城等咖啡主产区，规划建设标准化咖啡鲜果处理中心，落地冰鲜加工生产线，完善筛选、烘焙、包装、储存一体化配套设施。持续扶持本土咖啡企业升级生产设备、壮大经营主体，鼓励企业深耕精深加工领域，丰富产品品类、提升产品品质，推动产业从“卖原料”向“卖产品、卖品质、卖品牌”全面转型。
随着精深加工体系逐步完善，龙陵咖啡产业链条持续拉长，产品品类不断丰富，彻底告别单一原料外销的低端发展模式，产业增值空间持续拓宽，市场竞争力和经济效益显著提升。“我们现在日产30吨左右的咖啡鲜果，主要产出咖啡鲜果、果皮茶、果胶产品、熟豆产品、冻干粉产品、液体包装产品五类产品。”龙陵乎壳咖啡有限公司负责人李会康向记者介绍道。
依托成套精深加工设备加持，本土咖啡企业也彻底摆脱了低端加工困境，保山楠迪咖啡有限公司储明孝对此感触颇深：“现在有了生产线，可以生产精品的生豆和烘焙豆、精品挂耳，产品价格和价值上翻了很多倍。同时，我们的知名度通过参加各种比赛得到了提升，国内外客户特别是国外市场认可度不断提高，整体销量稳步攀升，年销售额稳定在三四百万元。”
目前，全县5条标准化咖啡精深加工生产线，年加工能力达1100余吨，精品咖啡豆售价较普通原料豆提升两倍以上，成功研发出烘焙熟豆、冷萃咖啡液、石斛特调咖啡等七大类终端产品，覆盖多元消费场景。同时，培育出松山1887、楠迪1900、魅岭、芮语等八大本土品牌，实现从“原料外销”向“品牌成品出海”的跨越式转型。
三产融合育业态 激活乡村振兴“新动能”
在品种提质、加工增效的基础上，业态单一、体验缺失、融合不足，曾是制约龙陵咖啡产业扩容升级的关键短板。以往咖啡产业局限于农业种植和初级加工，缺乏沉浸式体验场景和文旅消费载体，优质咖啡资源、山水风光、本土文化难以联动赋能，游客停留时间短、消费链条单一，咖啡的文旅价值、品牌价值未能充分释放。
“我们依托优质咖啡资源，以山地，云海，抗战文化结合，创新打造咖啡加文旅融合新业态，重点打造龙江崖边咖啡，抒禾咖啡，腊勐斛咖意境等网红打卡点，建成集成咖啡品鉴，乡村观光旅游于一体的沉浸式文旅场景，目前各点位累计接待游客超30万人次。”多点开花的咖旅融合场景，已然成为激活乡村消费、壮大村集体经济、带动群众就近增收的乡村文旅新地标。
位于龙江稻田公园的抒禾咖啡店也收获大量游客青睐。负责人郭艳告诉记者：“自今年2月份开业以来，凭借稻田公园的美景和本土精品咖啡特色，吸引了很多游客，人气持续高涨，累计接待游客超5万人次，营业收入超20万元。”
如今，小小咖啡豆变身乡村旅游“新流量”，有效拉长游客消费链条、延长停留时长，持续拉动乡村消费，带动村集体经济提质增效、群众就近就业增收，实现农业产业与乡村旅游双向赋能、协同共赢。
蓄力赋能谋长远 绘就精品咖业新蓝图
龙陵县逐题破题、迭代升级，让龙陵咖啡产业步步提质、层层增效，彻底改写了龙陵咖啡“品种老旧、加工粗放、业态单一”的旧格局，构建起“源头提质、中端增值、末端赋能”的全链条产业发展体系，让小小咖啡豆成长为助力群众增收、赋能乡村振兴的特色支柱产业。
咖香漫山野，振兴启新程。立足五年发展新起点，龙陵县农业农村局局长匡家华表示，将持续深耕高海拔精品咖啡特色赛道，持续推进品种改良、标准化种植全覆盖、全链条精深加工和品牌化运营，不断补齐产业短板、丰富咖旅融合业态、拓宽内外销市场渠道，全力擦亮“龙陵高海拔精品咖啡”特色产业名片，推动咖啡产业从规模增长向品质增效、品牌增值全面跨越，持续以特色产业赋能县域经济高质量发展、助力乡村全面振兴。
(Source: Longling News)Featured industries are the hard core support for rural revitalization and the core carrier for enriching the people and increasing income. In order to thoroughly break through the bottlenecks and difficulties in the development of the coffee industry, in recent years, Longling County has anchored the development concept of "improving variety quality, processing efficiency, brand upgrading, and business format optimization", targeted policies and systematic efforts, comprehensively promoting variety iteration, standard planting, deep processing, brand cultivation, and the upgrading of the entire chain of coffee tourism integration. Through comprehensive quality improvement, full chain empowerment, and full format expansion, the Longling coffee industry has completely achieved a historic transformation from "low-end extensive and raw material export" to "boutique aggregation and brand going global". The previously weak industry has successfully reversed and become a characteristic pillar of county-level rural revitalization and an advantageous industry for enriching the people and strengthening the village.
After five years of deep cultivation and meticulous work, the Longling coffee industry has achieved a comprehensive breakthrough in both quantity and quality. By 2025, the coffee planting area in the county will reach 32000 mu, with a fresh fruit output of 14000 tons, achieving an agricultural output value of 140 million yuan and driving stable income growth for 3770 coffee farmers, an increase of 69%, 194%, and 35% respectively compared to five years ago. The county has cultivated a total of 46 coffee enterprises (3 leading enterprises) and 3 professional cooperatives, built 5 standardized deep processing production lines, 3 boutique coffee estates, and 6 standardized processing plants, successfully developed seven categories of terminal products, cultivated eight local coffee brands, innovated and created popular formats such as Cliff Edge Coffee and Shuhe Coffee, and formed a new development pattern of "standardized planting, refined processing, localized brand, and diversified formats" throughout the entire chain. The business card of high-altitude boutique coffee industry has become increasingly prominent.
Iterate on high-quality germplasm varieties to build a solid foundation for industrial planting
The main production area of Longling premium small grain coffee is distributed along the west bank of the Nu River, covering six townships including Zhen'an, Lameng, Bizhai, Mengnuo, Pingda, and Mucheng. With a unique three-dimensional climate of 1200 to 1900 meters high altitude, large temperature difference, and no pollution, the small grain coffee nurtured has a pure flavor and excellent quality, and is a key characteristic industry for enriching the people in the county. Before the industrial upgrading, the proportion of old coffee varieties in the county was high, and the updating and iteration were lagging behind. Most coffee farmers used the traditional extensive management mode, and the water and fertilizer management and pest control were not standardized enough. The quality of coffee beans was uneven, and the yield of high-quality products was low, making it difficult to effectively release the advantages of high-quality ecological resources.
Traditional coffee has poor disease resistance, unstable yield, and ordinary flavor. In addition, some coffee farmers have different planting and management standards, resulting in uneven quality of coffee beans, which easily leads to high yields but not abundant harvests. This seriously restricts the large-scale and high-quality development of the coffee industry, "said Yang Yanbo, Deputy Director of the Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Longling County. The outdated germplasm and lack of standards have become important shortcomings that constrain the quality and efficiency improvement of Longling coffee, as well as the stable income increase of coffee farmers.
To break through the bottleneck of planting, Longling County has comprehensively promoted the iteration and upgrading of coffee varieties, optimized the variety structure, vigorously carried out the rotation of high-quality varieties, the transformation of old varieties, and the promotion of new high-end varieties, and selectively introduced high-quality varieties such as Tie Pica, Gui Xia, Lan Shan, and Kadura that are suitable for local climate and have excellent flavor quality. At the same time, a scientific and standardized field management system will be implemented throughout the region, and advanced planting technologies such as green prevention and control, water fertilizer integration, etc. will be popularized to unify field management standards and quality control standards. Relying on the "company+base+farmers" interest linkage model, implementing the policy of purchasing fresh fruits at a guaranteed minimum price, strictly controlling coffee quality from the source, and firmly guarding the bottom line of increasing coffee farmers' income.
As the core township for coffee cultivation in the county, Zhen'an Town is based on a planting base of over 15000 acres and has built a diversified planting system that complements "traditional stable varieties+high-end premium varieties". It has completed 2065 acres of new coffee planting, more than 1200 acres of rotation of old varieties, and more than 1000 acres of new high-end premium coffee varieties, driving more than 2000 households and more than 4000 people to participate in coffee cultivation. By 2025, the output value of the coffee industry in Zhen'an Town will reach 97.15 million yuan, achieving an average annual income increase of nearly 15000 yuan per household. Under the guidance of technical personnel, I tried to plant high-quality varieties such as Guixia and Sachim, which not only doubled the yield and price, but also improved my income. The personal changes in Hupa Village Chronicles in Zhen'an Town are the livelihood dividends brought about by variety iteration and standard planting.
As of now, Longling County has completed 8000 acres of new coffee planting, 2500 acres of improved varieties rotation, 2500 acres of new trial planting of high-end varieties such as Tiepika, Lanshan, Dere 399, and Kadura, and cultivated more than 200000 seedlings of the "Guixia" coffee variety. The proportion of premium coffee beans continues to rise, and the stability of fresh fruit quality and yield has greatly improved. This has completely reversed the development dilemma of outdated varieties and uneven quality, solidified the foundation of the coffee industry's premium development, and provided more solid and powerful guarantees for coffee farmers' income growth.
Extend chain, supplement chain, refine processing, open up the fast lane of value appreciation
For a long time, the short processing chain, single product categories, and low added value have been prominent shortcomings for the high-quality development of Longling coffee industry. In the past, the coffee industry in the county only remained at the level of cultivation and primary processing, without a mature deep processing system. The vast majority of coffee beans were exported at low prices as primary raw materials, resulting in a large outflow of industry profits and difficulty in fully converting high-quality resources into economic efficiency.
In order to break the development bottleneck of "only planting without precision, only producing without sales", Longling County focuses on the short board of the industrial chain and makes precise efforts. In the main coffee producing areas such as Zhen'an, Lameng, and Mucheng, it plans to build standardized coffee fresh fruit processing centers, implement frozen fresh processing production lines, and improve integrated supporting facilities for screening, baking, packaging, and storage. Continuously supporting local coffee companies to upgrade their production equipment, strengthen their business entities, encourage them to delve deeper into the field of deep processing, enrich product categories, improve product quality, and promote the comprehensive transformation of the industry from "selling raw materials" to "selling products, quality, and brands".
With the gradual improvement of the deep processing system, the Longling coffee industry chain continues to lengthen, the product categories continue to enrich, and the low-end development model of exporting single raw materials is completely abandoned. The industry's value-added space continues to expand, and market competitiveness and economic benefits have significantly improved. We currently produce around 30 tons of coffee fresh fruit per day, mainly producing five types of products: coffee fresh fruit, fruit peel tea, pectin products, ripe bean products, freeze-dried powder products, and liquid packaging products, "Li Huikang, the person in charge of Longling Huke Coffee Co., Ltd., told reporters.
With the support of a complete set of deep processing equipment, local coffee companies have completely overcome the low-end processing dilemma. Chu Mingxiao from Baoshan Nandi Coffee Co., Ltd. was deeply impressed by this: "Now that we have a production line, we can produce high-quality raw and baked beans, as well as high-quality hanging ears. The price and value of our products have increased many times. At the same time, our popularity has been enhanced through participating in various competitions, and the recognition of domestic and foreign customers, especially in foreign markets, has continued to increase. The overall sales volume has steadily increased, with annual sales stable at three to four million yuan
At present, there are 5 standardized coffee deep processing production lines in the county, with an annual processing capacity of more than 1100 tons. The price of premium coffee beans is more than twice that of ordinary raw beans, and seven major types of terminal products have been successfully developed, including roasted beans, cold extracted coffee liquid, and dendrobium specialty coffee, covering diverse consumer scenarios. At the same time, eight local brands including Songshan 1887, Nandi 1900, Meiling, and Ruiyu have been cultivated, achieving a leapfrog transformation from "exporting raw materials" to "exporting brand products overseas".
The integration of the tertiary industry and education model activates the "new driving force" of rural revitalization
On the basis of improving variety quality and processing efficiency, the single format, lack of experience, and insufficient integration were the key shortcomings that hindered the expansion and upgrading of the Longling coffee industry. In the past, the coffee industry was limited to agricultural cultivation and primary processing, lacking immersive experience scenarios and cultural tourism consumption carriers. High quality coffee resources, landscape scenery, and local culture were difficult to link and empower, and tourists had short stays and a single consumption chain. The cultural tourism value and brand value of coffee were not fully released.
We rely on high-quality coffee resources and combine mountains, clouds, and anti Japanese war culture to innovate and create a new business model that combines coffee, culture, and tourism. We focus on creating internet famous check-in points such as Longjiang Cliff Coffee, Shuhe Coffee, and La Menghu Coffee. We have built an immersive cultural and tourism scene that integrates coffee tasting and rural sightseeing tourism. Currently, we have received over 300000 visitors at each point. The multi-point coffee tourism integration scene has become a new landmark for rural cultural and tourism that activates rural consumption, strengthens village collective economy, and drives local income growth.
The Shuhe Coffee Shop located in Longjiang Rice Field Park has also gained a large number of tourists' favor. The person in charge, Guo Yan, told reporters: "Since its opening in February this year, it has attracted many tourists with the beautiful scenery of the rice field park and the local specialty coffee. The popularity has continued to rise, and it has received more than 50000 visitors and generated a revenue of over 200000 yuan
Nowadays, small coffee beans have transformed into a "new flow" of rural tourism, effectively extending the consumption chain of tourists, prolonging their stay time, continuously driving rural consumption, improving the quality and efficiency of village collective economy, increasing local employment and income for the masses, and achieving mutual empowerment and win-win cooperation between agricultural industry and rural tourism.
Empowering with energy and planning for the long term, creating a new blueprint for the boutique coffee industry
Longling County has solved problems step by step, iterated and upgraded, gradually improving the quality and increasing efficiency of the Longling coffee industry, completely rewriting the old pattern of "old varieties, extensive processing, and single business format" of Longling coffee, and building a full chain industrial development system of "source improvement, mid-range value-added, and end empowerment", allowing small coffee beans to grow into a characteristic pillar industry that helps increase people's income and empower rural revitalization.
The fragrance of coffee fills the mountains and fields, revitalizing and embarking on a new journey. Based on a new starting point of five-year development, Kuang Jiahua, Director of Longling County Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, said that he would continue to deepen the cultivation of high-altitude specialty coffee track, continue to promote variety improvement, full coverage of standardized planting, full chain deep processing and brand operation, continue to complement the weak points of the industry, integrate rich coffee and tourism, expand domestic and foreign market channels, and make every effort to polish the characteristic industry card of "Longling High Altitude Specialty Coffee", promote the comprehensive leap of the coffee industry from scale growth to quality efficiency and brand appreciation, continue to enable high-quality development of the county economy with characteristic industries, and help the overall revitalization of the countryside.