广商所创新推“整进零出”模式 仅今年前5个月咖啡生豆交易量超去年10倍Guangshang Institute innovatively promotes the "whole in, zero out" model. In the first five months of this year, the trading volume of coffee beans exceeded that of last year by 10 times

　　近日，记者从美团方面获悉，5月1日至6月底，广州咖啡门店新增376家。与此同时，广州商品交易所方面称，2026年1月至5月咖啡生豆交易量达12409.92吨，是去年全年的10倍以上。终端消费的蓬勃活力与上游贸易交易的快速增长交相呼应，广州咖啡产业版图正在发生深刻变化。

　　当前，广州商品交易所正通过模式创新，将全球咖啡生豆资源高效引向广州，推动进口、仓储、加工、结算等关键环节在广州集聚，充分释放广州贸易潜力，助力广州从消费终端向全产业链枢纽升级。

　　咖啡生豆实现“整进零出”

　　“以前我们要向好几个生豆贸易商拿货，不同的贸易商做不同产区的豆子，沟通起来很烦琐。而且要凑够整柜（约18吨）才能拿到相对好的价格，整柜生豆如果一下用不完，存放起来还占租金。”主营咖啡生豆烘焙的华盛咖啡广州公司相关负责人周河清表示。

　　这正是传统咖啡贸易的典型困境，广商所推出的电子仓单系统，改变了这个局面。通过“整进零出”模式，咖啡生豆贸易企业可以将批量进口的生豆存入指定保税交收仓库，生成电子仓单后可按需分批卖给厂家，实现整柜进、分单出，减轻税款资金占用压力。

咖啡生豆贸易商的咖啡豆出库。

　　对于贸易商客户，如华盛咖啡广州公司这样的企业，广商所平台同样带来便利。“可以在平台上集中选货，这是第一层便利性；广商所平台能帮我们对接国外生豆出货商，处理船运、清关等繁杂手续，像我们烘焙商只需要对接保税仓现货，省去了不少中间环节，采购成本显著下降。广商所还有一个补贴，保税仓储存咖啡生豆有3个月免租期。我整柜的豆子买回来不用全部清关完税，只要在3个月内陆续提货就好。这样也不用跑上海进货，可以从南沙进货，运输费用也降低了。”周河清说。

　　广州商品交易所董事长周兵表示，传统模式下，进口生豆需先缴纳关税和增值税才能进入国内市场，保税交易机制则完全不同：货物入保税库暂免关税和增值税，按实际出库量缴税；持有仓单的交易商可在保税状态下将货物转让给不同分销商，无需先行完税。“批量囤货，价格有波动，不同的分销商可以在保税状态下转让仓单，不用占用那么多资金。”

　　数字化仓单的价值不止“拆零”。依托区块链存证技术，每一批咖啡生豆从产地到交割全流程数据上链，实现“来源可查、去向可追、责任可究”。这让原本“看不见摸不着”的农产品，变成了可流转、可融资的数字资产。

　　此外，数字化仓单实现线上快速授信，将中小贸易商回款周期缩短近一半。周兵表示，平台远期将对接郑州商品交易所，打通期现仓单互认通道，实现仓储、监管一体化，统一行业标准化体系。广州一家进出口公司负责人介绍，用仓单质押融资解决了现金流问题，此前我们抓住埃塞俄比亚季末低价囤货，利用产能预售交易，提高了利润率。库存周转率从1.2次提升至3.5次，资金效率提升了近两倍。

　　云南精品豆重塑定价主动权

　　大宗商业咖啡豆有以ICE（洲际交易所）期货为核心的成熟定价体系，价格相对透明。但云南咖啡豆产区一直面临一个尴尬：年产约10万吨生豆，占国产豆产量的绝大部分，在定价上长期缺乏话语权。

　　今年3月，广商所正式设立“孟连县咖啡生豆交易专场”，在孟连设立注册交割仓，引入“基准成交价+品种升贴水”的定价机制。这一模式以主流商业豆价格为基准，根据咖啡豆的产区、品级、风味、仓储周期设置差异化升贴水，通过平台交易数据的持续沉淀，逐步形成公开、透明的区域价格指数。周兵介绍，希望借助这个平台，帮助云南产区精准发现价格，掌握定价主动权。

　　与此同时，广州独立咖啡馆和精品豆烘焙商，也可以通过这一价格参照，了解和采购云南精品豆资源。

　　针对咖农“产季集中卖豆、价格被压”的痛点，平台同步推出灵活机制——咖农入库的生豆可择机销售、按需支取货款，也可通过平台实现第三方兜底一次性变现。“过去咖农在产季不得不低价抛售，现在可以等一个好价格。”周兵说。平台同步配套农业保险，稳定上游供给，打通了“产地直采—数字仓储—全国分销”的完整链路。

　　这套模式的背后，是广商所更大的战略构想——在咖啡期货尚未落地的背景下，通过现货交易逐步培育“广州价格”的影响力。周兵表示，希望让广州成为咖啡贸易的重要定价参考地，让云南产区的好豆子通过这里进入全国乃至全球市场。

　　“让广州成为核心咖啡资源配置枢纽”

　　5月28日，中国—东盟特色农产品数智化服务平台在云南河口正式挂牌。当天，首单30吨越南罗布斯塔咖啡豆通过线上系统完成交易。

　　这笔交易的创新在于利用边民互市的政策优势和数字平台的线上化服务，把越南咖啡豆从边境产地直接对接给国内下游采购商，让贸易效率大幅提升。随着《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》生效落地，中国与东盟咖啡贸易往来持续增长，广州凭借连通内外的区位和平台优势，更多不同产区的咖啡豆在这里完成交易、集散，也让广州咖啡贸易的规模和影响力不断提升。

　　周兵表示，越南生豆在中国市场进口咖啡生豆占比长期在前三名，另有很大部分越南生豆通过传统小额边贸进入国内，标准化程度低，中小采购商拿货分散，品质稳定性不足。通过中国—东盟特色农产品数智化服务平台对接保税仓体系后，越南生豆可以批量进入河口注册交割仓完成标准化分级、存管，形成合规可流转的电子仓单，国内采购商可以按需小批量提货，既保障了品质稳定性，也降低了中小商家的采购门槛，进一步丰富了广州平台的咖啡品类供给，吸引更多全球产区资源落地集聚。

　　广商所以南沙自贸区为核心、青岛自贸片区仓库为支点，已建成“港口保税+产地仓+全国分销仓”的立体仓储网络。周兵表示，保税交易是广商所的长远业务规划，目前仍在持续完善中。

位于南沙的咖啡生豆保税交割仓。

　　结算环节同样在创新。广商所联合多家银行打造跨境结算与供应链金融平台，推动中越咖啡贸易直接以人民币计价结算。2025年，广商所还完成了国内首笔以数字人民币结算的咖啡生豆交易，通过智能合约实现资金与货物同步交割。依托RCEP规则和广州港的区位优势，越南等东盟国家的咖啡生豆经南沙港仅需1至2天即可完成提货。

　　数据显示，广商所平台依托这些创新模式，咖啡生豆交易量已从去年全年的1134.8吨跃升至2026年1至5月的1.24万吨。

　　“我们的目标是让广州成为核心咖啡资源配置枢纽。”周兵表示。随着“广州价格”影响力的持续释放，以及2026广州咖啡文化季的成功举办，广商所平台将通过创新交易模式继续传承，传导为产业发展的持久动力。咖啡生豆贸易，正推动咖啡全产业链在广州加速集聚、协同升级。

Recently, the reporter learned from Meituan that from May 1st to the end of June, there were 376 new coffee shops in Guangzhou. At the same time, the Guangzhou Commodity Exchange stated that the trading volume of coffee beans from January to May 2026 reached 12409.92 tons, which is more than 10 times that of the whole year last year. The vigorous vitality of terminal consumption is in line with the rapid growth of upstream trade transactions, and the coffee industry map in Guangzhou is undergoing profound changes.

Currently, the Guangzhou Commodity Exchange is innovating its model to efficiently bring global coffee green bean resources to Guangzhou, promoting key links such as import, warehousing, processing, and settlement to gather in Guangzhou, fully unleashing Guangzhou's trade potential, and helping Guangzhou upgrade from a consumer terminal to a hub of the entire industry chain.

Green coffee beans achieve 'whole in and zero out'

In the past, we had to obtain goods from several raw bean traders, and different traders made beans from different production areas, which made communication very cumbersome. Moreover, we had to gather enough whole containers (about 18 tons) to get relatively good prices. If the whole container of raw beans couldn't be used up at once, storing them would also take up rent, "said Zhou Heqing, the relevant person in charge of Huasheng Coffee Guangzhou Company, which specializes in roasting coffee raw beans.

This is a typical dilemma of traditional coffee trade, and the electronic warehouse receipt system launched by Guangshang has changed this situation. Through the "whole in and zero out" mode, coffee green bean trading enterprises can store bulk imported green beans in designated bonded warehouses, generate electronic warehouse receipts, and sell them to manufacturers in batches as needed, achieving full container loading and separate bill out, reducing the pressure of tax capital occupation.

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The coffee beans from the coffee raw bean trader are out of stock.

For trading clients such as Huasheng Coffee Guangzhou Company, the Guangshang platform also brings convenience. You can centrally select goods on the platform, which is the first layer of convenience; the Guangshang platform can help us connect with foreign soybean shippers, handle complicated procedures such as shipping and customs clearance. For example, our roasters only need to connect with bonded warehouse spot goods, saving a lot of intermediate links and significantly reducing procurement costs. Guangshang also has a subsidy, and the bonded warehouse stores coffee beans for a 3-month rent free period. I don't need to clear customs and pay taxes for the whole container of beans I buy, as long as I pick up the goods gradually within 3 months. This way, we don't have to go to Shanghai to purchase goods, we can purchase from Nansha, and transportation costs are also reduced, "said Zhou Heqing.

Zhou Bing, Chairman of Guangzhou Commodity Exchange, stated that under the traditional model, imported green beans need to pay customs duties and value-added tax before entering the domestic market, while the bonded trading mechanism is completely different: goods entering the bonded warehouse are temporarily exempt from customs duties and value-added tax, and taxes are paid according to the actual outbound volume; Traders holding warehouse receipts can transfer goods to different distributors in a bonded state without the need for prior tax payment. Bulk stockpiling can cause price fluctuations, and different distributors can transfer warehouse receipts under bonded status without occupying so much capital

The value of digital warehouse receipts is not just about breaking them down. Relying on blockchain certification technology, the entire process data of each batch of coffee beans from origin to delivery is uploaded to the chain, achieving "traceable source, traceable destination, and accountable responsibility". This has turned agricultural products that were previously "invisible and intangible" into digital assets that can be circulated and financed.

In addition, digital warehouse receipts enable fast online credit, shortening the payment cycle for small and medium-sized traders by nearly half. Zhou Bing stated that in the long term, the platform will connect with Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange, establish a mutual recognition channel for warehouse receipts, achieve integration of warehousing and supervision, and unify the industry standardization system. The person in charge of an import and export company in Guangzhou introduced that using warehouse receipts as collateral financing has solved the cash flow problem. Previously, we seized the opportunity of low-priced hoarding in Ethiopia at the end of the season and used production capacity for pre-sale transactions, which increased our profit margin. The inventory turnover rate has increased from 1.2 times to 3.5 times, and the capital efficiency has been nearly doubled.

Yunnan's premium beans reshape pricing initiative

The bulk commercial coffee beans have a mature pricing system with ICE (Intercontinental Exchange) futures as the core, and the prices are relatively transparent. However, the coffee bean production areas in Yunnan have always faced an awkward situation: with an annual output of about 100000 tons of raw beans, which accounts for the vast majority of domestic bean production, they have long lacked a say in pricing.

In March of this year, Guangshang Exchange officially established the "Menglian County Coffee Green Bean Trading Special Session", set up a registered delivery warehouse in Menglian, and introduced a pricing mechanism of "benchmark transaction price+variety premium discount". This model takes the price of mainstream commercial beans as the benchmark, sets differential premium according to the production area, grade, flavor and storage cycle of coffee beans, and gradually forms an open and transparent regional price index through the continuous precipitation of transaction data on the platform. Zhou Bing introduced that he hopes to use this platform to help Yunnan production areas accurately discover prices and take the initiative in pricing.

At the same time, independent coffee shops and boutique bean roasters in Guangzhou can also use this price reference to understand and purchase Yunnan's premium bean resources.

In response to the pain points of coffee farmers' concentrated selling of beans during the production season and price pressure, the platform has simultaneously launched a flexible mechanism - coffee farmers can choose to sell their stored raw beans at an appropriate time, withdraw payment on demand, or realize one-time third-party cash flow through the platform. In the past, coffee farmers had to sell at low prices during the production season, but now they can wait for a good price, "Zhou Bing said. The platform synchronizes with supporting agricultural insurance, stabilizes upstream supply, and connects the complete chain of "direct procurement from production areas - digital warehousing - national distribution".

Behind this model is a larger strategic vision of Guangzhou Commodity Exchange - to gradually cultivate the influence of "Guangzhou prices" through spot trading in the context of coffee futures not yet being implemented. Zhou Bing expressed his hope to make Guangzhou an important pricing reference for coffee trade, allowing good beans from Yunnan production areas to enter the national and even global markets through here.

Make Guangzhou a core coffee resource allocation hub

On May 28th, the China ASEAN characteristic agricultural product digitization service platform was officially launched in Hekou, Yunnan. On that day, the first 30 tons of Vietnamese Robusta coffee beans were traded through an online system.

The innovation of this transaction lies in utilizing the policy advantages of cross-border trade and the online services of digital platforms to directly connect Vietnamese coffee beans from border production areas to domestic downstream buyers, greatly improving trade efficiency. With the implementation of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement, coffee trade between China and ASEAN continues to grow. Guangzhou, with its location and platform advantages connecting domestic and international markets, has enabled more coffee beans from different production areas to be traded and distributed here, continuously increasing the scale and influence of coffee trade in Guangzhou.

Zhou Bing stated that Vietnam's imported coffee beans have long been among the top three in the Chinese market, and a large portion of Vietnam's beans enter the domestic market through traditional small-scale border trade, with low standardization and scattered procurement by small and medium-sized buyers, resulting in insufficient quality stability. After connecting with the bonded warehouse system through the China ASEAN characteristic agricultural product digitization service platform, Vietnamese green beans can enter the Hekou registered delivery warehouse in bulk to complete standardized grading and storage, forming compliant and transferable electronic warehouse receipts. Domestic buyers can pick up goods in small quantities as needed, which not only ensures quality stability but also reduces the procurement threshold for small and medium-sized merchants, further enriching the coffee category supply on the Guangzhou platform and attracting more global production area resources to settle and gather.

Guangshang has established a three-dimensional warehousing network with Nansha Free Trade Zone as the core and Qingdao Free Trade Zone warehouse as the fulcrum, consisting of "port bonded+origin warehouse+national distribution warehouse". Zhou Bing stated that bonded trading is a long-term business plan of Guangshang Exchange and is still being continuously improved.

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A bonded delivery warehouse for coffee beans located in Nansha.

The settlement process is also innovating. Guangshang Institute collaborates with multiple banks to create a cross-border settlement and supply chain finance platform, promoting direct settlement of coffee trade between China and Vietnam in RMB. In 2025, Guangshang Exchange also completed the first domestic coffee bean transaction settled in digital RMB, achieving synchronous delivery of funds and goods through smart contracts. Based on the RCEP rules and the location advantage of Guangzhou Port, coffee beans from ASEAN countries such as Vietnam can be picked up through Nansha Port in just 1 to 2 days.

Data shows that relying on these innovative models, the trading volume of coffee beans on the Guangshang Exchange platform has jumped from 1134.8 tons for the whole of last year to 12400 tons from January to May 2026.

Our goal is to make Guangzhou a core coffee resource allocation hub, "said Zhou Bing. With the continuous release of the influence of "Guangzhou Price" and the successful hosting of the 2026 Guangzhou Coffee Culture Season, the Guangshang Exchange platform will continue to inherit and transmit through innovative trading models as a lasting driving force for industrial development. The trade of green coffee beans is driving the acceleration and collaborative upgrading of the entire coffee industry chain in Guangzhou.