开远：6万株咖啡苗外销夯实种苗基地建设Kaiyuan: 60000 coffee seedlings for export, consolidation of seedling base construction

　　近日，红河哈尼族彝族自治州开远市咖啡育苗基地首批6万株优质苗顺利销往绿春县，实现首个规模化本土咖啡育苗基地对外批量供苗，填补了当地长期以来无规模化咖啡育苗产业空白，也为红河州咖啡产业从源头提质增效、跨区域协同发展筑牢种苗根基。

　　在位于开远市国家现代农业产业园的开远市标准化本土咖啡育苗基地温室大棚内，工人们小心翼翼地将咖啡种苗从苗床上起苗、包装，随后通过转运推车有序输送至装车点。“首批计划调运约6万株咖啡种苗，剩余种苗也将在后续时段内陆续完成配送交付。”开远市米轨咖啡有限公司育苗基地负责人石津铭介绍，首批调运咖啡种苗选用萨奇姆402、T8667两个品种，具备在云南种植环境下七种显著抗锈病特性，从育苗层面降低病虫害风险。

　　开远市距离中国河口一级口岸170余公里，标准化本土咖啡育苗基地位于海拔1200米至1800米的最佳区间，契合咖啡高海拔以及亚热带气候的植物性生长要求，具备区位辐射条件与资源优势。基地占地3800多平方米，育有T8667、萨奇姆402、罗布斯塔、云咖1号、瑰夏等6个品种，优质咖啡种苗总量达16万株。温室大棚采用人工精细化管理以及7×24小时周监控系统实时监控，有效预防和控制咖啡育苗植株炭疽病以及病虫害，对下一步育苗进行精细化处理。

　　此次本土繁育咖啡种苗批量外销，结束了开远市无规模化咖啡育苗产业的历史，构建起“本土育苗、全州供应”的产业新链条。当地标准化本土咖啡育苗基地已对这批咖啡种苗开展全周期生长数据记录、对比与深度分析，沉淀出一套适配本地气候水土的本土化育苗数据库，为后续咖啡优良品种引种试种、全流程标准化种植体系搭建筑牢数据底座，从产业源头为开远市乃至全州咖啡品质升级、跨区域协同发展提供稳定的优质种苗支撑。

　　未来，开远市将持续优化育苗技术、扩大优质种苗产能，联农带农，推动开远咖啡产业从“种得下”向“种得好”转变，助力乡村振兴，让小小咖啡豆真正成为带动群众致富、推动区域发展的“金钥匙”。

　　云南网记者 饶勇 通讯员 何啸 李雪琼

Recently, the first batch of 60000 high-quality seedlings from the coffee seedling base in Kaiyuan City, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture were successfully sold to Luchun County, achieving the first large-scale local coffee seedling base to supply seedlings in bulk to the outside world, filling the gap in the local coffee seedling industry that has not been scaled up for a long time, and laying a solid foundation for the improvement of quality and efficiency of the coffee industry in Honghe Prefecture from the source and cross regional coordinated development of seedlings.

In the greenhouse of the Kaiyuan Standardized Local Coffee Seedling Base located in the Kaiyuan National Modern Agriculture Industrial Park, workers carefully lift and package coffee seedlings from the seedbed, and then transport them in an orderly manner to the loading point through transfer carts. The first batch of planned transportation of about 60000 coffee seedlings will be completed, and the remaining seedlings will also be delivered inland in the following period. "Shi Jinming, the person in charge of the seedling base of Kaiyuan Mi Gui Coffee Co., Ltd., introduced that the first batch of transported coffee seedlings will use two varieties, Sachim 402 and T8667, which have seven significant rust resistance characteristics in Yunnan planting environment, reducing the risk of pests and diseases from the seedling level.

Kaiyuan City is more than 170 kilometers away from the first level port of China's river mouth. The standardized local coffee seedling base is located in the optimal range of 1200 to 1800 meters above sea level, which meets the plant growth requirements of coffee at high altitude and subtropical climate, and has geographical radiation conditions and resource advantages. The base covers an area of over 3800 square meters and has six varieties including T8667, Sachim402, Robusta, Yunka-1, and Guixia. The total number of high-quality coffee seedlings is 160000. The greenhouse adopts manual refined management and a 7 × 24-hour weekly monitoring system for real-time monitoring, effectively preventing and controlling anthracnose and pests of coffee seedlings, and carrying out refined treatment for the next step of seedling cultivation.

This batch of locally bred coffee seedlings for export has ended the history of the scale-free coffee seedling industry in Kaiyuan City and established a new industrial chain of "local seedling cultivation and statewide supply". The local standardized local coffee seedling base has conducted full cycle growth data recording, comparison, and in-depth analysis on this batch of coffee seedlings, and has developed a localized seedling database that is suitable for the local climate, water and soil conditions. This will provide a solid data foundation for the subsequent introduction and trial planting of excellent coffee varieties, and the establishment of a standardized planting system throughout the entire process. From the source of the industry, it will provide stable and high-quality seedling support for the upgrading of coffee quality and cross regional coordinated development in Kaiyuan City and even the whole state.

In the future, Kaiyuan City will continue to optimize seedling cultivation technology, expand high-quality seedling production capacity, collaborate with agriculture to promote the transformation of Kaiyuan's coffee industry from "being able to grow" to "being able to grow well", help rural revitalization, and make small coffee beans truly become the "golden key" to drive people's wealth and promote regional development.

Yunnan Net reporter Rao Yong, correspondent He Xiao, Li Xueqiong

Editor: Deng Ruidan